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Logical operators

OperatorDescriptionExample
ANDTrue if both values are truea AND b
ORTrue if either value is truea OR b
NOTTrue if the value is falseNOT a

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Effect of NULL on logical operators

The result of an AND comparison may be NULL if one or both sides of the expression are NULL. If at least one side of an AND operator is FALSE the expression evaluates to FALSE:

    SELECT CAST(null AS boolean) AND true; -- null

    SELECT CAST(null AS boolean) AND false; -- false

    SELECT CAST(null AS boolean) AND CAST(null AS boolean); -- null

The result of an OR comparison may be NULL if one or both sides of the expression are NULL. If at least one side of an OR operator is TRUE the expression evaluates to TRUE:

    SELECT CAST(null AS boolean) OR CAST(null AS boolean); -- null

    SELECT CAST(null AS boolean) OR false; -- null

    SELECT CAST(null AS boolean) OR true; -- true

The following truth table demonstrates the handling of NULL in AND and OR:

aba AND ba OR b
TRUETRUETRUETRUE
TRUEFALSEFALSETRUE
TRUENULLNULLTRUE
FALSETRUEFALSETRUE
FALSEFALSEFALSEFALSE
FALSENULLFALSENULL
NULLTRUENULLTRUE
NULLFALSEFALSENULL
NULLNULLNULLNULL

The logical complement of NULL is NULL as shown in the following example:

    SELECT NOT CAST(null AS boolean); -- null

The following truth table demonstrates the handling of NULL in NOT:

aNOT a
TRUEFALSE
FALSETRUE
NULLNULL

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